Retina Vitreous · Central retinal artery occlusion

Fundus photo showing cherry red spot

The causes of cherry red spot in the macula: 1. Vascular a. Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO) — arteritic and non-arteritic b. Acute occlusion of retinal circulation following cataract surgery (phacoemulsification) c. Compromise of choroidal/retinal circulation due to intraorbital hemorrhage or mass d. Macular infarction (from retinal artery/vein occlusions, carotid artery occlusion, malignant hypertension, diabetes, radiation retinopathy, posterior uveitis, systemic inflammatory vasculopathies, trauma) 2. Metabolic Storage Diseases a. GM2 gangliosidosis (Tay-Sachs disease, Sandhoff disease) b. Niemann-Pick disease (Types A, B, C, D) GM1 gangliosidosis type 1 (Generalized gangliosidosis/Landing disease) c. Sialidosis / mucolipidosis type 1 (cherry red spot myoclonus syndrome) d. Farber disease (Farber lipogranulomatosis) e. Metachromatic leukodystrophy f. Galactosialidosis (Goldberg Cotlier syndrome) 3. Inflammation a. Retinitis involving the central retina (progressive outer retinal necrosis, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis) 4. Drug Toxicity Quinine Carbon monoxide Dapsone poisoning Methanol Intravitreal gentamicin 5. Trauma a. Commotio Retinae (Berlin's edema) — pseudo-cherry red spot b. Optic Nerve Avulsion c. Saturday Night Retinopathy d. Leukemic infiltrates of the optic nerve head

VContributed byDr. VedaFinal year resident, CHRI , Chennai

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