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Contrast sensitivity
Anatomy & Optics
Key Points
- •Contrast sensitivity measures the ability to detect differences in luminance - provides a more comprehensive visual function assessment than Snellen acuity (which tests only at maximum contrast, high spatial frequency)
- •The CSF is an inverted U-shaped curve peaking at 3–6 cpd; the high-frequency cut-off corresponds to the Snellen acuity limit
- •Pelli-Robson chart is the most widely used clinical CS test - tests at ~1 cpd; normal ≥1.65 log CS
- •CS is reduced before Snellen VA in many conditions: glaucoma, early cataract, optic neuritis recovery, post-LASIK HOAs
- •Reduced CS is an independent risk factor for falls and motor vehicle accidents in the elderly - more predictive than Snellen acuity
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- Definition
- Epidemiology
- Aetiology and causes
- Pathogenesis
- Classification
- Risk factors and associations