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Chemical injury
Ocular Trauma
Key Points
- •Immediate copious irrigation is the single most important first-aid measure - do NOT delay for any reason including pH testing or examination
- •Alkali causes liquefactive necrosis with deep penetration; acid causes coagulative necrosis with self-limiting penetration (exception: HF)
- •A white, quiet eye (total limbal ischaemia) carries the worst prognosis - Roper-Hall Grade IV
- •Dua classification (6 grades based on clock hours of limbal + % conjunctival involvement) is more accurate than Roper-Hall for severe injuries
- •Topical steroids are aggressive in first 10 days but must be tapered by day 10–14 to prevent stromal melting
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17 more sections are included with the Clinical plan.
- Definition
- Epidemiology
- Aetiology and causes
- Pathogenesis
- Classification
- Risk factors and associations