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Commotio retinae
Ocular Trauma
Key Points
- •Commotio retinae is caused by disruption of photoreceptor outer segments, NOT true retinal oedema - despite the name 'Berlin's oedema'
- •OCT is the key investigation - ellipsoid zone (IS/OS junction) integrity predicts visual prognosis; persistent disruption at 3–6 months indicates permanent loss
- •The retinal whitening resolves spontaneously in 1–4 weeks; there is no specific treatment for commotio retinae itself
- •Always perform gonioscopy in all blunt ocular trauma - angle recession occurs in 60–85% and requires lifelong IOP monitoring
- •Cherry-red spot appearance in commotio retinae (macular) mimics CRAO - distinguish by history of trauma and OCT showing outer (not inner) retinal involvement
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17 more sections are included with the Clinical plan.
- Definition
- Epidemiology
- Aetiology and causes
- Pathogenesis
- Classification
- Risk factors and associations