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Siderosis and chalcosis
Ocular Trauma
Key Points
- •Siderosis: iron IOFB → iron deposits in all ocular tissues → progressive retinal degeneration; ERG shows diminished b-wave (the hallmark finding)
- •Chalcosis: copper alloy IOFB → copper deposits in basement membranes → Kayser-Fleischer ring + sunflower cataract (mimics Wilson disease)
- •MRI is absolutely contraindicated if metallic (ferrous) IOFB suspected - CT orbit is the imaging of choice
- •ERG is the most sensitive test for detecting siderosis - supranormal (early) → diminished (established) → extinguished (advanced) b-wave
- •Early IOFB removal is critical - sunflower cataract and ERG changes may be reversible if treated before Stage 3
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17 more sections are included with the Clinical plan.
- Definition
- Epidemiology
- Aetiology and causes
- Pathogenesis
- Classification
- Risk factors and associations