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Sympathetic ophthalmia
Ocular Trauma
Key Points
- •SO is a bilateral granulomatous panuveitis occurring after penetrating trauma/surgery - the sympathising eye is attacked by autoimmune T-cells targeting uveal melanocytes
- •Dalen-Fuchs nodules (epithelioid cells between Bruch's membrane and RPE) are the histopathological hallmark
- •Onset: 80% within 3 months of injury (classic window 2 weeks–3 months); can occur as early as 5 days or decades later
- •Enucleation of the exciting eye within 10–14 days may prevent SO, but does NOT help once SO is established
- •Treatment requires aggressive systemic immunosuppression (high-dose steroids + steroid-sparing agents like cyclosporine) for a minimum of 1–2 years
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17 more sections are included with the Clinical plan.
- Definition
- Epidemiology
- Aetiology and causes
- Pathogenesis
- Classification
- Risk factors and associations