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Retinopathy of prematurity
Retina & Vitreous
Key Points
- •ROP is a vasoproliferative disorder of prematurity driven by a two-phase model: Phase 1 hyperoxia causes vaso-obliteration; Phase 2 hypoxia triggers VEGF-driven neovascularisation
- •Type 1 ROP (Zone I any plus; Zone I stage 3; Zone II stage 2–3 with plus) requires treatment within 72 hours - the ET-ROP classification is the critical decision tool
- •Plus disease (arteriolar tortuosity + venous dilation assessed across zone I vessels - continuous spectrum per ICROP3) is the most important indicator of treatment urgency and disease severity
- •Anti-VEGF (bevacizumab/ranibizumab) allows continued retinal vascularisation and is especially effective for A-ROP and Zone I disease; risk of late recurrence requires follow-up until 65 weeks PMA
- •Screening criteria: BW ≤1500 g or GA ≤30 weeks (AAO/AAP); Indian NNF guidelines: BW <2000 g or GA <34 weeks; first exam at 31 weeks PMA or 4 weeks postnatal age
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Keep reading Retinopathy of prematurity
17 more sections are included with the Clinical plan.
- Definition
- Epidemiology
- Aetiology and causes
- Pathogenesis
- Classification
- Risk factors and associations