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Esotropia
Strabismus
Key Points
- •Esotropia is the most common strabismus in Western children; 50% of all strabismus cases. Accommodative type presents at age 2–3 years
- •Full cycloplegic refraction is the essential first investigation - prescribe FULL hypermetropic correction; do NOT undercorrect
- •High AC/A ratio esotropia (near >> distance deviation) requires executive bifocals with +3.00 D add
- •Infantile esotropia: large-angle (≥30 PD), cross-fixation, early surgery by age 2 years for best binocular outcome
- •Acute-onset comitant esotropia without hypermetropia in a child warrants urgent MRI brain to exclude posterior fossa pathology
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17 more sections are included with the Clinical plan.
- Definition
- Epidemiology
- Aetiology and causes
- Pathogenesis
- Classification
- Risk factors and associations